Article 10 (2) of the Law on the Organization and Procedure of the Administrative Justice Court determines the competence and ranges of the Court's powers to deal with and investigate objections and complaints against the final decisions of exceptional administrative authorities. According to the analysis of the General Assembly of the Court of Administrative Justice in decisions Number 37, 38, 39 dated 1989/10/2 and also the branches of the Court from paragraph 2 of Article 10, only real or legal persons of private law are allowed to file complaints and objections against final decisions. Exceptional Administrative authorities and the legal persons of general law don’t have that kind of power.Recently, on 2020/7/14, according to the ,Uniform Judicial Precedent Numbered 792 of the General Assembly of the Supreme Court, the jurisdiction of the Administrative Justice Court to review the appeal filed by the Regional State Water Company against the decision of the Commission for Groundwater Affairs is recognized. Now the question arises is that whether the Uniform Judicial Precedent No. 792 is exceptional and is only about appealing the indefinite opinions of the judge of the Groundwater Commission?

AbstractOne of the issues raised after the establishment of the Administrative Court of Justice was who can appear as a plaintiff in the Administrative Court of Justice and whether state agencies can appear as a plaintiff in the Administrative Court of Justice. According to the rulings No. 37, 38 and 39 of the Court of Administrative Justice in 1368, state agencies can in no way be present in the branches of the Court of Administrative Justice as a plaintiff. This decision was approved by the General Assembly of the Supreme Court in No. 602 in 1374, but the question was raised that what is the task of the state apparatus in relation to matters within the jurisdiction of the Court of Administrative Justice? In 2007, the General Assembly of the Supreme Court, Decision No. 699, tried to somehow open this deadlock and find a solution to this problem. However, these Votes of the General Assembly of the Supreme Court created other problems, hence the Vote of Unity. Procedure No. 792 was issued in July 2016 and has somehow annulled Votes No. 602 and 699. The author believes that Vote 972 is a positive development in the separation of powers of the Court of Administrative Justice and public courts.

In this article the Procedural Unity verdict no 708 of Supreme Court general board, after paying installments the dowry is examined and recognizes the wife's imprisonment right based on legal& jurisprudential criteria, specially the principle of family security and the nature of marriage. As we know the consequences of family are not limited to parties and family members and the success, failure and instability of the family, have the direct effect on society and even on next generations. So that, the tenth Article of the Constitution of Islamic republic of Iran describes the family as the foundation of Islamic society, but apparently-despite this insignificant-some judicial decisions-such as the above verdict don’ t support the family as a fundamental unit, and even those decisions along with other factors, sometimes would be an obstacle for family durability. This article with descriptive-analytic method is proved that this verdict is not compatible to legal& jurisprudential criteria in terms of not paying attention to the role of the Supreme Court, the situation of dowry in marriage contract, the real description of this subject, and specially lack of attention to husband's inability to pay the dowry (insolvency) and the sentence of paying installments the dowry and due to its negative consequences in preventing the marriage should be reconsidered.

Over the recent decades, spray systems have been widely utilized in a variety of applications within the areas of engineering. In this regard, studying the evaporative behavior of droplets in spray can give us a good view point. One of the most common assumptions in droplets’ evaporation is to consider the Lewis Number to be Unity. In this paper the correctness of this assumption has been evaluated for water and n-Heptane single droplets. The results for droplets’ evaporation trend have been compared with some relevant experimental and numerical data. Evaporation time and droplets’ temperature have been investigated in both conditions. According to obtained results, although the unit Lewis Number is not a good assumption for studying n-Heptane droplet evaporation, this assumption gives acceptable results for predicting the water droplets evaporation. Moreover, by assuming the Unity Lewis Number for water droplet, the calculated temperature of the droplet is close to wet bulb temperature of air.

Voting as a decisive act in elections, regardless of the degree of influence on the order of religious democracy, in all referendums and elections, sometimes takes a deterrent form and is cast white. Legal systems have each chosen an analysis of the identity and effect of the blank Vote; But in the Constitutional law order of Iran, blank Votes are considered as cast and invalid Votes. The main issue of this work is the analysis of blank Vote on both sides of the citizen and also the legal confrontation of the ruling electoral system. On the one hand, the identity of the right-holder or abuser of the blank Vote determines the legal status of the Voter in relation to the election and clarifies his or her duty or right to the political system as well as to the candidates. On the other hand, what identity and effect will the blank Vote received by the executors have on the fate of the elections and the political system? According to the library studies and descriptive-analytical approaches, this article, without being caught in the dilemma of right or duty, considers the preservation of the political system and the necessity of consulting the Islamic ruler as a constraint on the right to Vote or a basis for disrespecting the blank Vote. It also analyzes the nature of blank Vote as silence or "La Adri".

Voting is one of the most significant ways for individuals to make a say in the government’s decision-making. A ballot is the bedrock to democracy which may be also argued as a formal expression of choice for a candidate or a proposed solution to an issue. The low turnout rate in the recent Malaysian by-election in Johor, Malacca and Sarawak as well as the 15th General Election (GE15) has led to the discussion on the rights to Vote and not to Vote. The primary issue to be addressed in this article is whether the right not to Vote violates morality in the political context and whether or not such a right constitutes freedom of expression. Furthermore, the relationship between the state and the people will also be studied further in order to determine the responsibilities of the people. The primary objective of this article is to determine the relationship between low Voter turnout rates from certain groups of communities and the validity of their decision to Vote or not to Vote in a legal and moral paradigm. The authors will collect data from primary and secondary sources such as books and journals related to the right to Vote and not to Vote in different political systems. The authors will also analyze data from books, journals, articles and more to make reasonable comparisons between the democratic system in Malaysia and in other countries that discuss the right not to Vote.

During the operation, the turbine blades of hot gas path suffer service induced degradation due to ‎different causes such as creep, fatigue, oxidation, corrosion and etc. The present study was carried ‎out the effect of long-term service at the high temperature exposure to remaining life assessment gas ‎turbine blade made of Inconel 792 nickel base super alloy. That is investigated by studying on ‎microstructure by optical and scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties such as high ‎temperature tensile and stress-rupture test and stress analyses of turbine blade. The result has been ‎shown the gamma prime rafting and TCP phase formation has occurred at the microstructure. ‎Because of long-term service at high temperature, stress- rupture properties of blade reduced and ‎‎20% lower than new IN 792 alloys. The stress analyses with ANSYS software and creep life ‎assessment results by use Larson-miller parameter, the safety factor of blade lower than 1 and life ‎time of turbine blade is finished.‎